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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)

CPR is the combination of chest compressions and breaths and is conducted on a non-responsive casualty who is not breathing properly.

Studies have shown that most cardiac arrest casualties die before reaching hospital and that about 80 percent of cardiac arrests occur in the home. Early recognition, immediate and continuous CPR, early defibrillation and early advanced medical care all contribute to an improved survival rate.

CPR will help to bridge the gap between the casualty collapsing and the arrival of an ambulance or other medical personnel. Remember any CPR is better than no CPR at all.

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation CPR for Infants and Children

Although the CPR ratio of 30 compressions: 2 breaths and the compression location, depth and rate does not change regardless of the age of the casualty there are some important points to consider when providing CPR for infants or children.

Use two fingers to compress the chest in an infant and two hands for a child, use less pressure than for an adult.

CPR infant and child

Infants and small children do not require the same backwards head tilt and jaw lift as adults. Deliver only small ‘puffs’ of air to an infant with their head in a neutral position.

Breaths can be delivered by blowing gently into the nose and mouth or just the nose.

 

In class based contact you will be shown the different head position, jaw support, barrier mask use and compression techniques for the resuscitation of babies and children.

Remember when you approach any emergency incident, assess the situation carefully. Ask yourself the following questions.

    • What has happened? (try asking the casualty or bystanders).
    • Is the area safe?
    • How many people are injured or ill?
    • What is the extent of any injuries or illness?
    • What sort of help are you going to need?

 

It is essential that all first aiders work together as a TEAM.

Involve other trained first aiders and bystanders in the care of any injured or ill casualties. Delegate tasks to confident bystanders, for example ask that they call emergency services or provide first aid materials like first aid kits, blankets or pillows.